Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health concern, especially among young adults. Every 15 seconds, an American incurs a TBI, translating to approximately 1.5 million injuries annually. TBI’s primary insult often initiated a cascade of processes that continued to injure the brain, unfortunately causing more than 50,000 deaths and 80,000 permanent and serious disabilities. Progesterone’s extensive pleiotropic and neuroprotective properties lead researchers to employ it in small studies to treat TBI. A larger study published ahead of print in the New England Journal of Medicine indicated that progesterone’s role in treating TBI was questionable.